Segregating waste at the source is the correct assumption, but adapting the process takes time.

Segregating waste at the source is the correct assumption, but adapting the process takes time, which becomes routine for young people.

According to Article 26 of Decree No. 45/NĐ-CP issuing sector 7/7/2022, the provisions on administrative penalties for violations in the field of environmental protection, households and individuals who do not classify solid waste and do not use packaging containing solid waste according to the regulation will be officially applied from January 1, 2025, imposed fines ranging from VND 500 thousand to VND 1 million. Because this is about individuals and households across the country, a clear road map and practical solutions are required to implement policy.

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Waste is divided into three categories: reusable and recyclable solid waste, food waste, and other active solid waste. The Ministry of Resources and Environment issued guidance in Circular No. 02/2022/TT-BTNMT on January 10, 2022, detailing the implementation of specific provisions of the Law on Environmental Protection, which state that local governments are responsible for enforcing appropriate regulations on solid waste transportation and collection. The Law on Environmental Protection 2020 also defines the provincial municipality's obligation for rubbish sorting at the source, in line with each locality's technological infrastructure. As a result, local governments must examine their technical infrastructure and invest early to create an adoption plan.

Associate professor Ph.D. Nguyen Duc Khien further stated that local governments can control technical aspects, requiring individuals to utilize color-coded solid waste containers. Circular No. 02/2022/TT-BTNMT further stipulates that localities shall designate special requirements regarding trash bag color technique for local situations. The Chairman of the Provincial Council is solely responsible for solid waste management on the ground.

To put waste segregation into effect, the governmental system, social organizations, and individuals must all be involved in the execution of this content. It is critical to make the communication continuous textual, to simplify the material, and to make it accessible to the audience.

Recently, in Hue City, after the Hue Environmental and Urban Construction Company (HEPCO), local authorities, townships... advertising, publishing leaflets, setting up trash cans that indicate the types of recycled, hazardous waste... people became more aware of household waste classification.

People split them by category and threw them into the trash can.

One local said, "In the past, all kinds of garbage were collected in one can; now my mother divides the can into two, one for recycling and one for non-recycling. When the trash truck arrives, the garbage is placed in a clean, self-destructed cushion that does not smell bad. Here, most people are conscious of it. They gathered the trash after 5 p.m. according to the neighbor's instructions. Whoever dropped it earlier was reminded by security cameras that it is more convenient for waste collectors.

However, it is only some people like that. Many places, especially some restaurants, catering services, garbage collection and disposal could be neater. Waste segregation is hardly done, and whole trash is often thrown onto the streets. There are many places where there are public garbage cans, but some people are unconscious or lazy and throw them when they are passing by. Of course, there are many garbage bags. Not only that, they need to get into the correct type of trash and fall out on the streets. It is absurd and disgusting."

According to Mr. Nguyen Hong Son, Director of HEPCO Company, garbage collection charges vary by area (urban, rural, and individual firms). As a result, in the district of Hue with non-business families, the current front price for collecting livelihood rubbish is 66,000/month, depleting 53,000/month; in Huang Tea, Huang Qi is 52 and 43,000/moon, respectively. Front business group 1 (Housing District) generates $180,000 monthly, whereas group 2 generates 127,000 per month.

Although the collection price has been divided, the group of items, nonetheless, it can be observed that the price computation still has some unresolved concerns. Non-commercial households, for example, although not all residences are the same. A family of one or two people differs from a family of five or seven. The more the population, the greater the garbage. Those with three or four generations outnumber those with one or two generations. Furthermore, the pickup cost still equalizes the rubbish without a clear, higher-level differentiation.

In certain areas, like Vietnam Ho Chi Minh City, it is presently being used in addition to collection fees and additional shipment expenses. It would help to consider this choice and the quantity of rubbish collected from individual households/businesses. For example, The amount of garbage is reasonable for the price. If the trash quantity exceeds the limit, you must pay extra. Of course, quantifying rubbish is difficult, but it is not impossible. In certain countries, the collection unit will provide garbage collecting bags (estimated to hold how many kilos of rubbish) and include them in the collection cost. People tucked it in their pockets and carried it to the meeting spot. The heavier the garbage, the harder it is to handle and the more expensive it is. That is why it is easier for people to change their appliances and household items like beds, wardrobes, wooden chairs, etc. So they save more and increase the lifetime of the equipment, etc.

Source: Cổng thông tin điện tử Sở Tài nguyên và Môi trường Nghệ An